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For an LK script that calculates LCOE Calculator inputs from inputs for the Single Owner financial model, assuming you have followed the steps in the PDF, see in the LK Scripts for SAM collection. In some cases the year IRR is achieved may be less than the target IRR year, in which case the LCOE for the two methods will not be the same.įor more details about comparing the Single Owner and LCOE Calculator methods for calculating the LCOE, see LCOE in SAM using FCR and Single Owner Financial Models ( PDF 182 KB).
For anyone more used to trading cards, liken this to the Blue-Eyes White Dragon or Egyptian God cards. Trumps and Notrumps are alien to many card players, but also easy to explain in a few minutes. The winner of a “trick” gets to place the next “opening card” for the rest to follow suit. When three players have passed, the contract for the game has been set. This is because the top allowable bid number (7) added to 6 makes up the total number of possible 13 tricks in the game.Ī bid of two hearts means you expect to win eight tricks with hearts as the trump suit.Ī bid of five spades means you expect to win eleven tricks with spades as the trump suit.Ī bid can also say “Pass”, “Double” or “Redouble.” The chosen number of the final bid is added to the number 6. If you’ve played games like poker or blackjack before, the concept of bidding and tricks is likely new if you’ve played games like Go Fish or Snap in all its varieties, you’re a little more familiar with the concept of a trick – also called a “pack” in some games.īidding chooses the contract for your game and it says how many “tricks” you think your team can get and in which suit.īidding names a number between 1 and 7 and a suit (like hearts, spades, or notrump) to become the contract. Tricks and bidding are some of the most vital bridge concepts. Players first “bid” for a contract, then play cards to win “tricks” from their hand to reach their team’s contractĪ game of bridge takes place in 3 different stages: Bidding, Play, and Scoring. There are 13 possible “tricks” in every game of bridge. The dummy has to place their cards face up after the first card has been placed. One team’s player takes the role of declarer, while the other assumes the role of dummy. Here’s a summary of the most basic bridge-playing facts:īridge is played by two-player partnerships or teams. What’s Bridge?īridge is a card game, played online and face-to-face by thousands of players in the world. Here’s a quick and condensed version of the most basic rubber bridge rules. Advanced plays and things like bidding can be learned over time. The basic rules of bridge can be explained to anyone in just a few minutes. In fact, Magic: The Gathering is one of the most complex card games in existence (at least according to Guinness World Records). Bidding 5♦, 5♣ requires 27 TP and winning 11 tricksĮxercise: Your partner opens the bidding with 1NT. What do you respond holding this hand below?Īnswer: With 11 points jump to game in 3NT.If you look at the extensive rule compendiums that characterize games like Dungeons & Dragons or Magic: The Gathering, bridge is no harder to learn than any of these popular tabletop games.Bidding 4♠, 4♥ requires 26 TP and winning 10 tricks.Bidding 3NT requires 25 HCP and winning 9 tricks.If responder has 13 points or more, then it is right to bid game, because Opener already has shown an opening hand and responder has extra points: 13TP (opener) + 13TP (responder) = 26 TP The Number of Points and Tricks contracted to achieve Game” These point requirements are approximate, subject to partnership agreements, and don’t guarantee making the game contract. 3NT), 26 TP for game in 4♠ or 4♥, and 27 TP to bid game in 5♦ or 5♣. You need at least 25 HCP between you and your partner to bid game in NoTrump (i.e. If a partnership have enough points in their combined hands, they should bid always try to bid up to the “Game” level. if you fail to make your contract the opposition gets points allocated, you and partner get none (when playing against the computer it is recorded as a minus score eg.any ‘game’ contract successfully bid and played, scores a game bonus of 300 if not vulnerable and 500 if vulnerable on top of the points awarded for the tricks played and won.any part game contract successfully bid and played, scores a bonus of 50 points on top of points for the tricks made.‘Game’ or ‘part game’ bonuses are allocated at the end of each round as follows: When you are learning to play Bridge on 60SecondBridge, the game will handle all the scoring for you but it is still important to know how the scoring works so you can choose the best strategy. The partnership vulnerability affects only the ‘game’ bonus points not the ‘part game’ contracts and many more points are allocated for a vulnerable game contract. To obtain this bonus you must bid and make your contract, if you don’t, points are awarded to your opposition but on a different scale. If your contract stays below the level of game it is then called part game and your bonus is much smaller. If you and your partner bid to game you earn extra bonus points on top of the points you receive for each trick won If you can Bidding Game -what is it?īidding to ‘game’ means you have bid to the level where you are entitled to extra bonus points just for bidding up to that level. The term ‘Game has a special meaning when you play bridge. QMIDI is undoubtedly one of the best Karaoke players f or Mac users. It works on Windows only and is an absolutely free-to-use tool that has a user-friendly interface for your songs. A different colored lyric is usually supported for male, female, and also for duet songs. One can play all kinds of music files with this app and it has a song list that has the ability to turn on and off the prompted list to normally play other lists. MP3+CDG, MP3+LRC, MP3+XML file combinations can be easily played on the Karaoke app. You can play any of the file formats starting from AVI, DAT, VOB, MPG, FLV, WMV, MKV, with this free Karaoke app straightaway. This plug-in comes up as another added advantage with the Winamp app. You can create an appropriate music file that can be stored comfortably in the Winamp app. Winamp provides the music player and helps in using the Karaoke features of the plug-in app without the need to add any other apps.ĭesigned for Windows alone, all you have to do is place your CDG (mp3 + g) files along with your music file and a display window would open up for more information. Unlike other Karaoke software, CDG plug-in Windows works as a plug-in application for Winamp. Read More: Best Bass Booster Software for Windows PC It is a completely free app and some users who are on it for long, find it a great tool for singing. The app has a quick search option and also provides a lot of sound effects and features that benefits your sing-a-song along experience very well. It allows you to create a list of your favourite songs, helps you look into the singer’s history, and offers you a song list of almost 7000 songs. Just Karaoke works both on Windows and Mac and is a very simple user-friendly Karaoke program for PC. iStar is one of those user friendly Karaoke tools that you don’t want to miss on. You also have the option to import multimedia files from different sources without any restrictions. You can not only import music from the music player but you can also create playlists according to your choice. One of the best free Karaoke software for Mac, iStar holds strong capabilities to run different types of music files with great ease. Kara Fun Player supports a wide variety of formats like CD+G, MPEG, MID, KAR and many more. The app supports a favorite list creation, song history feature, dual display screen, keys that can be customized comfortably. There is a collection of almost 280,000 songs that is supported by a highly interactive storage within KaraFun. Kara Fun Player is extremely popular for being a free, easy-to-use Karaoke program. This Karaoke software is the best when it is mainly in use for the commercial clubs and pubs. The Karaoke app allows you to create your own playlists & helps you regulate the tempo, pitch, history, lyrics, and several other functions. It supports some of the main formats such MIDI, MP3G, BIN and some more. This app is primarily designed for Windows. Power Karaoke is a website that backs Siglos Karaoke professional app. It offers you a history of all the songs played, helps with singer rotations, colour display and colour choice configuration, lock screen, and drag and drop features. It works on Windows alone.Ī multitude of features come handy, right from adding Karaoke songs, to editing the play options. If you are on the lookout for one of those Karaoke apps that can help you party throughout the night, then you can select PC DJ Karaoki. Read More: Best Free Music Making Apps to Make Your Own MusicĮasy to use, with a lot of features, PC DJ Karaoki is the best free Karaoke software for you. Clapping and jeering effects are also available with the Kanto Karaoke program. You can always create a list of background scores. Apart from lyrical visibility, with Kanto Karaoke you also always can switch to the live mode anytime.įrom changing the pitch or tempo of the song to adding up the fading effect, there are many features that can help you. This free Karaoke app offers you some of the best microphone settings with an immense audio quality that can convert your device into an authentic Karaoke playing platform. It has a lot of different features to enrich your singing experience. You can play almost every media file with Kanto Karaoke be it KAR, MP3 or any other. Concluding Thoughts Best Free Karaoke Software 2023 (Windows & Mac):īelow mentioned are some of the most popular and free Karaoke apps for Windows and Mac that you must try in 2023. Harry Truman, who took office after Roosevelt's death in April 1945, spent his first four months in office presiding over the last days of World War II-hardly a time to work with Congress on new legislation. The Dow Jones Industrial Average, which had risen to a height of 386.10 on September 3, 1929, fell to 41.22 on July 8, 1932-a drop of nearly ninety percent.įew of Roosevelt's successors have been even moderately successful during their early days in office, at least in terms of legislative accomplishments. The Gross National Product (GNP)-a measure of the nation's total economic activity-had fallen by more than half since 1929. Fifteen million Americans were unemployed. The numbers themselves are staggering, though perhaps difficult to comprehend from our great distance. Some of these measures were temporary, but others (with various amendments and modifications) remain the law of the land even today.īut Roosevelt's legislative onslaught was possible only because he took office in the midst of the worst economic depression in the nation's history. These included the Agricultural Adjustment Act, designed to help the nation's farmers the National Industrial Recovery Act, which aided industrial workers the Securities Act, a first step in regulating the stock markets the Banking Act, which included, for the first time, federal bank deposit insurance and much more. Between March and June 1933 Roosevelt successfully urged Congress to enact a series of laws creating a host of new federal programs. But they should also be viewed with skepticism, prudence, and caution.įDR's First 100 Days was indeed a model of presidential accomplishment. Like the early returns on election night, the First 100 Days will be the subject of great interest and speculation. Nor have early difficulties necessarily doomed a presidency to failure or mediocrity. Success in the First 100 Days, however, has never meant a guarantee of success later. Roosevelt used his first three months in office to lay the foundations of the New Deal, the First 100 Days have been seen as a unique moment-the new president's first and perhaps best chance to reshape the nation according to his own agenda and vision. Ever since 1933, when President Franklin D. Just How Critical Are the First 100 Days?Įvery journey starts with a single step, and every presidency begins with the First 100 Days. "I drove by all the places we used to hang out getting wasted." They can't do that anymore, they are always busy and exhausted. Not Luke Hemmings, Calum Hood, Ashton Irwin, and Michael Clifford from 5 Seconds of Summer. To me, its about the good ol' days when the boys were just Luke Hemmings, Calum Hood, Ashton Irwin, and Michael Clifford. I'd hold you closer than I ever did before Like all of this was just some twisted dream If today I woke up with you right beside me It's like we never happened, was it just a lie? It's hard to hear your name when I haven't seen you in so long It hurts to see you happy and it hurts that you moved on I admit I like to see them even when I feel aloneĪll my friends keep asking why I'm not around The pictures that you sent me they're still living in my phone Like the way it felt to fall asleep next to you I remember the makeup running down your faceĪnd the dreams you left behind you didn't need themĪnd forget about the stupid little things I remember the day you told me you were leaving If what we had was real, how could you be fine? Sometimes I start to wonder, was it just a lie? When he says those words that hurt you do you read the ones I wrote you? I thought about our last kiss, how it felt the way you tastedĪnd even though all your friends tell me you're doing fineĪre you somewhere feeling lonely even though he's right beside you? 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RE:Vision Effects plug-ins are available for Sony Vegas Pro, Adobe After Effects, Eyeon Fusion, Apple Final Cut Pro, Apple Final Cut Express, The Foundry’s Nuke, Adobe Premiere Pro, Autodesk 3ds Max/Maya Composite, Avid editing systems, Autodesk Systems (Sparks), Autodesk SoftImage, Apple Shake, Quantel genQ and others.ĭemo material, examples and software are available at The founders received a 2006 Academy Award for Technical Achievement for the design and development of this affordable, user-friendly RE:Vision family of software products. The company supplies its cutting edge software through partnerships and direct sales for a large segment of customers ranging from at-home editors, wedding and other live event videographers, industrial video providers to those creating high-end effects for commercials, broadcast TV and big-budget films. Their products have a broad range of applications and are currently used in every phase of television, motion picture, internet and visual effects industries. RE:Vision Effects is software development company focused on providing innovative software to create, modify, control, and enhance digital video imagery at the highest quality. * Upgrade to Twixtor v5 from a previous Twixtor for Avid systems version: $82.49. * Twixtor v5, AVX2 plug-in for Media Composer, Symphony and NewsCutter: $329.95. Should work in 3.0 and 4.0, but users should try the demo before purchasing. * Symphony 5.0 and up tested, including 64-bit support for v6. Should work in 3.0 and 4.0, users should try the demo before purchasing. * Media Composer 5.0 and up tested, including 64-bit support for MC 6. * Both 32-bit and 64-bit versions of Media Composer, Symphony and NewsCutter are supported. Internal tests show Twixtor v5 runs 30 to 40% faster than Twixtor v4. * Twixtor v5 is much faster than version 4. * Twixtor v5 adds 10 and 16 bit internal image support. “Users of Media Composer, Symphony and NewsCutter have been needing faster results and better integration of Twixtor, and we have worked closely with Avid to give users the rich experience and results they expect from both Twixtor and Avid applications,” says Pete Litwinowicz, President of RE:Vision Effects, Inc. In order to achieve its unparalleled image quality, Twixtor synthesizes unique new frames by warping and interpolating frames of the original sequence by employing RE:Vision’s proprietary tracking technology that calculates motion for each individual pixel. Twixtor can create highly engaging slow motion shots without the cost of renting a high speed camera. 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Ostensibly, Tamar is only waiting for Shelah to grow up and mate with her. Unlike other widows, she cannot remarry and must stay chaste on pain of death. But he does not-he sends her to live as “a widow” in her father’s house. Judah, who is perhaps afraid of Tamar’s lethal character, could have set her free. Levirate marriage (yibbum) obligation himself if he does not, the woman is declared a “widow,” free to marry again. According to Near Eastern custom, known from Middle Assyrian laws, if a man has no son over ten years old, he could perform the Marriage between a widow whose husband died childless (the yevamah) and the brother of the deceased (the yavam or levir). So, Judah is afraid to give Tamar to his youngest son, Shelah. He suspects that Tamar is a “lethal woman,” a woman whose sexual partners are all doomed to die. For this, God punishes Onan with death, as God had previously punished Er for doing something wicked.Īlthough the readers know that God has killed two of Judah’s sons, Judah does not. Onan opts to preserve his financial advantage and interrupts coitus with Tamar, spilling his semen on the ground. If Er remained childless, then Judah’s estate would be divided into three, with the eldest, most probably Onan, inheriting two thirds. A child engendered for Er would inherit at least one fourth and possibly one half (as the son of the firstborn). According to inheritance customs, the estate of Judah, who had three sons, would be divided into four equal parts, with the eldest son acquiring one half and the others one fourth each. Onan, however, would make a considerable economic sacrifice. In this way, Tamar too would be assured a place in the family. When Er dies, Judah gives Tamar to his second son, Onan, who is to act as levir, a surrogate for his dead brother who would beget a son to continue Er’s lineage. She is the daughter-in-law of Judah, who acquires her for his firstborn son, Er. Tamar, whose story is embedded in the ancestor narratives of Genesis, is the ancestress of much of the tribe of Judah and, in particular, of the house of David. |